Air filling pressure tank burst

In an incident, the pressurized air filling tank bursts, a peace flies for about 100 m and falls on a boy readying for school. It causes wrist injury.

The pressure will be about 10 kg/sq.cm in normal conditions. The incident happened makes us to ensure that the equipment is checked for its integrity, connections and utility on regular basis.

Lightning induced blast

In a crusher quarry, two blasters placed gelatin sticks in the place. Before igniting it, there was huge rain with lightning which lead to blast. The stones fell on the persons and they died at the spot.

Death from hydrogen gas cylinder blast in IISc Bengaluru

A person was thrown about 20 feet away, hit the wall and died due to suspected hydrogen cylinder blast.  3 others sustained injuries during the incident. 

The window panes and 20 m high roof sheet got damaged.

Small scale hydrogen explosions are made to create shock waves for conducting experiments.

https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/laboratory-accident-at-iisc-kills-one-injures-three/article25671763.ece

https://www.deccanherald.com/city/research-scholar-killed-3-706586.html

LPG cylinder blast kills fireman - Selfie madness of public affects more

A 19.2 kg LPG cylinder bursts in a fire incident in a bakery. About 47 persons including 37 local residents and others including firemen, police were injured in the incident.
It is reported that the curious onlookers were mostly interested in taking selfies, affecting fire fighting operations as well as endangered fire fighters affecting their free movement.


See the news item here.
http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/2017/jul/17/cylinder-blast-in-city-bakery-kills-56-yr-old-firefighter-1629638.html

Chemical reactor explosion kills one, injures three

As per news report in The New Indian Express, an explosion in a chemical reactor in a bulk drug company, caused death to a person and injuries to three persons.
The metal piece of reactor after explosion, flew by 100 meters, passed through by breaking a wall and hit the person working at distance. The person died immediately due to head injury.
The incident reveals dangers of flying fragments from explosion and need for assessment of explosion consequences.

Blast/explosion during welding on oil tanker dismantling causes deaths/injuries

Loud blast due to explosion during welding on a oil tanker parked in ship breaking yard, caused more than 10 deaths and injuries to about 50 persons. 8 explosions took place during the incident. A fire followed the explosion. Rescue efforts were hindered due to explosions and fire.
It is stated that about 100 persons were working in the ship tanker at the time of the incident.
To protect themselves, some of the workers jumped in to the sea, after the explosion.

The photos of the incident reveal massive destruction can be seen.


Earlier, three months ago, in another blast during explosion on a oil tanker in oil terminal, during welding, three persons died and two were injured.

Explosion in detonator factory during disposing of rejected detonators from explosives

In an explosion in one of the largest explosives exporting factory, during separation of rejected detonators from explosives by cutting wires, a mechanical cutter fell down on the explosives below causing the blast leading loss of two lives and injuring 13 others with some of them receiving severe burns.

One of the injured suffered hearing loss during the incident.

The site was visited by State Home Minister, Police and other officials.

Police registered case under various sections of IPC (Indian Penal Code) for negligent act and others leading to personal harm and initiated the probe.

As per reports, the persons doing the job were retired employees as contract workers having experience.

There were also reports of demanding for shifting of the factory from residential premises.

There were some fatal incidents earlier also in the last 10-15 years.

To avoid such incidents, possibility of  automation of removal of rejected detonators needs to be explored.

As the cutter fell down below on explosives during the job, and it is likely that such slippages can happen, suitable path for shifting of material below as soon detonator is separated from the explosive material for every explosive or collecting the explosive material under water or any other medium has to be seen.

Governments have to ensure that industrial areas are well separated from residential areas. There should a sort of no habitat zone between industries and residential areas. It is natural that wherever development is there, the surroundings will see growth of residential areas with a view to gain from real estate price increase. 

Definitely, large industrial complexes would have been set up far away from residential areas at that time. Earlier remote places would have become part of the present cities due to growth. Shifting of industries also will be costly and who will foot this cost. 

Hence, a policy as suggested above is required with marked zones and no-man zones.

Ammonia reactor blast - 10 persons injured

As per news reports, a brine unit chiller with ammonia exploded on Saturday i.e 28.06.2014, leading to ammonia leak, injuring 10 persons with burns. As per some other reports, 11 persons got injured in the incident. Persons suffered suffocation, breathlessness and giddiness.
To clear the choking of brine in the chilling unit, steam was admitted which led to expansion of ammonia (anhydrous?) and pressure rise that causing explosion.
As per reports in some other news papers, use of steam instead of hot water led pressure rise. Hot water use limits the temperature compared to steam and may be this is one of the reasons for the incident.
Reports indicating fire extinguished rise questions of whether it is ammonia fire or any other fire.

http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/11-Hurt-in-Pharma-Unit-Blast-3-Critical/2014/06/29/article2306006.ece

http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/10-injured-in-blast-at-drug-unit/article6158709.ece

Blast during dismantling of a chemical boiler - 3 persons die due to burns

Three persons died in a blast that occurred during the dismantling of a chemical boiler in a scrap godown. The contents of the boiler are not known. However, this incident is a lesson that any vessel before sold as a scrap should be cleaned thoroughly to ensure that it is free from chemicals. The incident might have happened during gas cutting of the vessel with trapped chemicals generating hot gases or undergoing runaway reaction and with improper venting. Provision for venting should be available to avoid pressure rise.




http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thane/Three-killed-in-Thane-boiler-blast/articleshow/33677572.cms

Fire in a pharma company - same short circuit reason

In an incident of fire and explosion in a pharma company in the early hours on 09.10.2012, waste solvent drums, diesel drums, generator, cables, etc got burnt leading to a loss of about Rs. 2.0 crores. Window panes in and in neighboring plants were shattered due to the blasts. The reason cited is same as in many fire incidents, that is, of short circuit. A good electrical job would have not cost Rs 2.0 crores that was lost in the fire. Keeping all combustibles at one place is not a recommended practice.
Experts say that the cost of preventing an accident is nominal compared to the loss arising out of accidents and still we allow accidents to occur.

http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/Series-of-blasts-rock-Pharma-City/articleshow/16745498.cms

Molten metal contact with water-blast-2 deaths

In an incident, while removing the stuck slag from a blast furnace with the help of a poclainer and rod, the slag along with molten metal steel came out and came in contact with the water resulting in a blast. A worker and a supervisor died in the incident due to fall of hot molten metal. The poclainer also got partially melted.
The furnace was commissioned recently.
http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Visakhapatnam/article3374003.ece

It is reported that the contract labour use for critical jobs also is a reason for such accidents. Unless proper training and supervision is not ensured, such incidents are bound to repeat.
http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Visakhapatnam/article3379616.ece

Welder dies in blast

In an incident on 16.12.2011 Friday at visakhapatnam, a welder died and another person was injured due to gas cylinder explosion in a tinkering painting workshop. Police suspect the blast is due broken knob of a gas cylinder. The deceased suffered a fatal blow to his skull in the blast.
In another report on the same incident, it is stated that explosion occurred when the person was trying to open a carbon machine and the cylinder exploded and hit his head.
From the above two reports, it appears that the person while working on some equipment/machine, an unintentional action led to hitting and breaking of the adjacent gas cylinder knob and flying of the knob (like a rocket?) hit his head causing the death.
Normally welding gas cylinders are kept in the trolley and chained. The broken knob should not have caused explosion unless other wise it is not secured and is acetylene cylinder. As acetylene is not stable and is sensitive to pressure/impact/shock, any fall of unsecured acetylene cylinder can lead to such explosion. May be the broken knob dislodging with great force due to cylinder gas pressure could have hit the skull and led to death.

In a similar incident earlier at another place, it is reported that a broken knob lead to gas release at high pressure and the resultant blast killed a person.

BLEVE

In a report (http://www.homernews.com/stories/111611/news_fdef.shtml#.TsiKjT38Kxw), it is mentioned that a fire started in a residential garage eventually led to BLEVE (boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion) and fireball involving a fuel oil tank kept inside the garage. The fireball sucked the oxygen and led to containment of fire. The fire was noticed by a neighbor who cautioned the resident of the house to escape.

Due to this, the tank failed with main tank shooting of 150 feet through a wall into the field, while the tank bottom blew through a steel door. The blown tank flew between fire fighters and nobody suffered even any minor injury.

The wind pushed the flames towards the house from garage and some front portion got burnt.

It is reported that the fire fighters heard venting sound like a jet engine and shortly afterwards, the blast took place.

The panicked owner could not tell the fire fighters about the fuel tank inside, though she told about other flammables inside. Fire fighters were unable to see the tank because of flames and heat.

There are no state fire codes to prohibit storage of fuel tanks in residential properties, though such codes exist for commercial and multi-dwelling units.

The Chief of Fire Service is not sure of proper working of vent. It is said that the fuel oil tanks are not designed to hold pressure. It appears that the fuel oil tank is having oil only to some level as per the visible line showing where it was empty.

The Chief advised to keep the oil to the full so that the heat can be absorbed and that vapor build up will be less inside the tank thus preventing pressure rise and explosion. He also feels that the tanks should be kept in open area with ventilation instead of keeping them inside.

From this incident, we can draw following lessons:

1. Flammable storage tanks should be kept outside with proper ventilation and fencing.
2. It should have proper vent relief.
3. It should have properly designed water sprinkler system.
4. It should be fenced to prevent others coming closer to it.
5. The whistle/jet engine sound from a tank exposed to fire is an indication of blast / explosion / BLEVE in a short time and all people including emergency responders should vacate the area to a safe distance.
6. No other flammable/combustible materials should be stored in the area.
7. The safe distance depends upon the maximum capacity of the storage tanks exposed to fire, the distance up to which blast fragments can travel, the distance up to which thermal radiation from a resulting fire ball can cause first degree burns, the distance up to which the over pressure can cause damage to the glass panes.
8. The name plate containing the details of the contents, capacity, design pressure, safe distance in case of fire along with emergency contact numbers should be displayed at a place easily visible and accessible, away from the storage area.
9. Periodical mock drills should be conducted to take prompt action in a real emergency.

Gasoline fire in Nairobi, Kenya

As per reports, 61 persons died and 116 were seriously burned due to a fire today (12.09.2011) at 1000 hr local time. The fire occurred possibly due to a cigarette butt thrown on a pool of gasoline that got accumulated from a leaking pipe passing through densely populated slum area and where people gathered to collect the gasoline. As per one report, the pipeline might have been punctured deliberately to collect the fuel. Fire fighters had difficult time in controlling the fire.The leaking gasoline floated on a nearby sewer and it resembled like a burning river after the blast and resultant fire.
A report says, fire started after a fuel tankers dumped the fuel in the open sewer flowing through the slums.
If this is the reason, it is most unpardonable act and the guilty should be punished. If the reason is leak from the pipe line, then large quantity must have escaped from the line into the sewer till it is identified either by pressure drop or somebody noticed and informed the company. Both the company and the authority that cleared pipeline layout are responsible for the incident in this case. One can't lay the pipelines through populated areas. If the settlers came after piping job, then the company with the help of local police should have got it vacated. Such piping should terminate at a place far off from the habitation and should be protected. As per the reports, when a news channel asked the resident two years ago, he don't want to move from the place though he feels that there is a chance of the fire that occurred today.
http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/09/12/kenya.fire/
http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-kenya-fire-20110913,0,5237204.story?track=rss
http://www.africareview.com/News/Riddle+of+Nairobi+pipeline+fire+that+killed+75/-/979180/1235086/-/10hj59jz/-/
Video: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14887938

Apple probes blast at Chinese plant linked to iPad | Deccan Chronicle

There is a blast in a plant that makes ipad2 for Apple company, during which 2 persons died and another 16 were injured. What I appreciate is the statement by the company about halting the production till the investigation is completed. How many companies stop production like this. Stopping the production because of regulator is different to stopping production voluntarily by the management. Demonstration of commitment to safety will be reflected by such acts and employees will get moral boost that company management cares for them and this lead to increased productivity. The details are available in the following link.

Apple probes blast at Chinese plant linked to iPad Deccan Chronicle
An analysis of the attitude of MNCs towards of safety of employees in their outsourced site jobs appeared in Mint magazine on 04.06.2011.

Air receiver blast

There was a blast during the cleaning of gas turbine in a polymers factory that makes cans, jars, etc. It is reported that the the valve of the gas turbine suddenly blew up that caused ripping of roof and fragments caused injury to a woman nearby. As per the news in a local news paper, due to malfunctioning of safety valve on the air receiver, the air receiver exploded. As Monday was holiday for the factory, it is reported that no injuries took place in the factory. It is luck that the person involved in the work is safe though the roof sheets blew off but did not fall on him. It is not known what precautions were taken before taking up the cleaning job, like, i) emptying the vessel and purging with inert gas and then purging with air, ii) positive isolation of all lines leading to and from the tank, iii) checking for presence of flammable concentrations in the tank, iv) checking for oxygen level, v) job hazard analysis, vi) supervision and so on.

As the work was taken up on factory holiday and incident happened, one should be careful when planning such maintenance jobs on holidays it should be ensured that safety work permit is obtained and supervision is provided.

Sharjah blast damages over 10 shops, 15 cars

Sharjah blast damages over 10 shops, 15 cars

There is a blast in a cafeteria due to gas leak from LPG gas cylinder that caused damage to 10 shops and 15 cars. We underestimate the destructive power of domestic LPG cylinders and nothing happened till now does not mean that we are safe. We have to check the condition of the cylinder, condition of the regulator and condition of the hose. We have to turn off the regulator when not in use. It is common only to close the knob on the burner instead of closing the regulator also. There were many incidents of passersby on the road getting injured/died because of fragments generated during the blast hitting them.