Fires

Every day we are seeing some news on accidents here and there. Many of these seem to be avoidable with their own common sense, while others could have been avoided with supervision and monitoring.

We do not pay attention to the work we are doing. An oversight even momentarily leads to the initiation of events ultimately resulting in accidents with or without injury. 

Some incidents are like, the person wants to complete the allotted work quickly so that either he can do more and get financial benefit, or leave the workplace either for rest or go away for some personal work. These things do happen when time discipline is not followed. Greediness is another reason. In these cases, supervision to ensure SOP compliance as well as to ensure shopfloor attendance for the allotted shift schedule is essential. We should not encourage to do work by circumventing the safe work procedure or standard operating procedure to get more output. These will result in accidents for sure. This can be compared to overspeed driving. 

Similarly, as summer is approaching, already many fire incidents are reported in the media. Many are attributed to short circuits. But, why the factories/buildings should have faulty wiring. Is not the responsibility of the owner who is running the operations, to check and ensure that his property is safe and no interruption takes place because of such incidents. Huge property losses are reported from the fire incidents with the well-known / widely reported reason of short circuit. 

Insurance firms should ensure the compulsory submission of annual audits from recognized agencies by the firms for the renewal of insurance. Any addition of electricity load also shall not be done without certification from the auditing agency. This is required to ensure that the wiring, distribution boards, protection systems and supply systems are suitable to take the proposed loads. 

Local bodies also shall not give additional electricity loads unless such certifications are submitted and are verified by the agency.

A fire incident will not only damage the particular firm due to its fault but also endangers nearby buildings and their occupants. This also puts the lives of firefighters at risk during their work for fire extinguishing.  Thus, local governments and agencies have every right to get audits before permitting additional loads or works.

Repetition of similar incidents - need for continuous reminder

When we read or hear about accidents or incidents, immediately, we remember or feel that a similar one happened earlier somewhere, either in our premises or outside. 

Generally, there's nothing new that caused the incident. We only do not follow what is already known. This calls for continuous reminder and thus retraining of persons.

And, HR department faces the problem of not getting the participants inspite of training calendar and listing of employees for training. This is because of not relieving these listed persons by respective incharges for various reasons like production or other jobs, or participants themselves not having interest

I feel that pay rise and promotions should be linked to attendance in training programmes as well as passing the exams conducted at the end of training. 

Also, action should be taken on persons found  responsible for incidents in the form of pay cut, collecting or recovering the loss suffered and initiating legal proceedings. 

This may look absurd, but without accountability and responsibility, we will continue to see occurrence of incidents for which root cause are already known. They happen only because someone ignored and failed to take precautions.

Everything looks fine - Are you Okay?

Do not be complacent.

Life is going fine. In this serious pandemic situation everywhere also, I am healthy. Does it mean we can ignore all measures taken till now? 

Same is the question, every manger has to ask himself about work place safety. No accidents or injuries till now does not mean that he can relax procedures and allow shopfloor personnel to work the way bypassing safety procedures. 

Actually, a sense of well being,  sometimes, induces complacency instead of motivating personnel to work better.

Initially, it starts with occasional  incidents which may not go to the notice of the manager or they are covered or ignored as one time affair. And, then the frequency increases and finally the organization will be in big soup with irreparable damages.

Let us not forget the hard work and culture created before reaching the heights and we should not have fall from that height. Instead, aim for bigger goals.Let us try to become a leader in the industry regarding safety at the work place. 

At no time we should think after an incident without injury or loss, that today, we are saved by luck. Dump the luck factor and work hard.

Responsibility for ensuring safety at work place

The general perception of any management is that safety officer is responsible for ensuring safety. In case of occurrence of any incident or appearance of anything unpleasant, generally the finger pointing will be on safety officer.

It is true that safety officer has to ensure safety.

But, safe work conditions can be ensured in the work place only when there is cooperation from shopfloor manager and employees in the shopfloor. It is a collective effort. As long as this is not realized, the workplace can never be safer. There may not be accidents, but, this does not mean that workplace is safe for persons. It is totally by luck and till Murphy's law comes into picture, shopfloor persons have their head.

It is said that if workplace is to be safe, it can be done only by line function, but NOT by staff function. That is to say that safety can be ensured truly by workmen, supervisors and managers who are managing the shopfloor activity every moment. Any deviation can be observed immediately and can be rectified before accident takes place. Instead, if left to safety officer's observation, then plants have to depend upon their luck, as safety officer can't be present everywhere at the same time and all times.

Factories Act requires one safety officer for every 1000 employees, and with the increase in site workforce, the number of safety officers requirement is not in proportion. If these many employees can't see what is wrong in their own workplace, it is unrealistic to expect the safety officer to monitor entire area all the time.  And, why safety officer alone should tell that some thing is wrong. Every person is responsible and I am responsible for my work. If a person can't or don't want to work responsibly for his own safety and that of others, then safe workplace can NEVER be ensured.

As long as fingers are pointed at safety officer alone, it will lead to the impression among plant personnel that they need to bother only production and are not responsible for safe work conditions in the shopfloor and think that safety officer has to see that aspect. They think that safety officer has to check and ensure even the basic requirements of machine guards, functioning interlocks, lighting, ventilation, obstruction-free access,  wearing of safety shoe/helmet/safety belt, etc. Thus, ensuring safety lies mainly with the shopfloor personnel and its managers. Shopfloor managers have to be visible in the work area which can lead to better safety culture.

And it can be strengthened by advice and monitoring of safety officers.

Poor concepts on safety

Many managerial position officials think that safety means using personal protective equipment (PPE) like safety shoe, helmet, safety belt, etc.

But, it is a fact that PPE is a last line of defense to the persons. 

This is what told repeatedly by safety professionals and once people understand, they will agree.

The basis issues to be looked into start from plan, design and implementation of work area, equipment, etc where by incorporating safety as an inherent part, hazards can be taken care so that they do not lead to any unsafe conditions.

If the above fails, then PPE will help the person to minimize the consequence, if not protecting in total.

It is sad that even those persons who work in shopfloor and are likely to come in contact with hazards too do not care about their own personal safety.

People do not try to identify the hazards existing or arising in work place or even if they are known, not taken to the notice of line managers effectively either because of not giving importance or because of fear of facing rebuke. But, who will suffer.

If the line managers do not act or do not take the information on hazards properly, then they should be made to understand by complaining to next level or taking to the notice of safety department. 

The problems lies with line managers too. If they go to shopfloor everyday and see the areas with proper perspective, they too can understand as they are accountable for shopfloor safety as per Factories Act or other such legislations. If nothing else is applicable, we have IPC sections under which one can be charged under 302, 304, 304-A etc.

Once persons understand and initiative is taken, they also see to it that it is implemented at the earliest and one should not take umbrella under the pretext of delays from other agencies. It all depends on how much convinced the line manager is and his willingness to act further.

Question of cost of safety!

Safety is costly, you know!

Any caution on safety is not costly. It may appear costly with respect to money, time, presumed slowness in reaching immediate targets, etc. But, if something is found to be missing w.r.t. ensuring safety and it needs resources to correct it doesn't mean it is added cost.
We have to thank our luck that nothing happened till such time and that somehow the deficiency or lapse was seen by somebody and got an opportunity to rectify it.
Nothing goes waste when we allocate resources meant for enforcing or improving workplace. Those who suffered due to incidents/accidents can tell the impact faced by them, till their memory retains.
Generally, people will forget the lessons and repeat the mistakes in same or different form.
Repetition of mistakes and resultant accidents make the interested parties sick of the way the organization is being run with shortsightedness.
Strict control only appears to work, but how long this can go on depends on mental stamina of the persons in controlling positions.
I think we are destined to suffer at different intervals due to failure to follow the procedures meant for safety of persons/property/environment/etc and when the loss is huge, then the whole organization suffers, may lead to closure.

Why only safety department should see the deficiencies? why not the line staff?

It is a misconception in several industries that safety is the responsibility of safety department. Production staff feel that their job is only production. They do not give a thought for ensuring safety in their work, i.e. keeping the work areas free from hazards. They may be seeing these hazards, day in and day out, but little action is taken in addressing the same. The safety department when points the same, no action or little action is taken. And, when some incident happens, that time production department puts a sorry face or blame game is kicked off. They say that it is not their job or they have given request to maintenance department or why safety department did not caution in advance or even if cautioned why they did not tell about the consequences and so on.

Persons, should not concentrate only on production activities at the cost of lack of safety, for the sake of furthering their careers. They should not ignore safety and allow things to go unsafely in their domain of work. Just ordering subordinates to ensure safety is not sufficient. Doing work unsafely will not enhance productivity in the long run. May be in a project, there were no accidents inspite of unsafe work culture. But, that is because of some luck i.e. all unsafe parameters did not converge, by fluke. But, this can not be a norm. And, safe practices do not delay the work. In fact, in the long run, safety will enhance the productivity. If it is found such arrogant managers are there, management should sack them without hesitation. Because, these are the persons who do not mind in jumping the ship in case of change of situation. Visibility of the managers in shopfloor and interaction with field staff frequently is required. This will help the managers to see the things as it is and also learn what are the issues faced by field personnel so that appropriate actions and allocation of resources can be done. 

In general, safety departments anywhere do not have the authority to cut power supply or prevent persons from doing the work where hazards are present. As it is, safety department functions in advisory capacity only. Only those managements which do understand the importance of having safety in the workplace lend an ear to the safety department. And in these places, employees too will be happy and join hands for higher productivity.

How many organizations stop the work if a hazard is spotted and restart only after taking corrective and preventive actions is debatable. One may tell that safety is first. But, I am not sure in how many places really it receives top priority.

In general, production, quality and safety take slots from top to bottom in that order. Even those who got statutory powers to enforce safety also will have second thoughts before taking the violating organizations to court of law. This can be said firmly due to the accidents taking place in the production facilities and how many of these were found guilty and taken to task in inspections. Under staffing and having support facilities to regulators is also one of the reasons for this. 

What is required is self discipline and strict implementation of statutory provisions and strengthening of the hands of regulators. Any violation should lead to total stoppage of the facility. Any person in the organization should be able to tell hazards in the place and take to the notice of concerned for rectification. Persons identifying shall not be ridiculed or punished. 

Similarly, one should not think that punishing by fines or paying compensation will control the situation. Just ordering fines is not enough. It is said nobody can put a value to the life. It is not a commodity to assign a value. The compensations offered for an injury or death during accidents really do not have any meaning. It is to be seen by life value assessors in the perspective that what value they find for their own life in case of an injury or fatality. A person earning something may earn many times of it either in the same company or different company or by self employment. There are many cases where persons started career as peons, paper boys, etc have become millionaires and provided employment to many. Then what is the value for emotional attachment with family and friends. 

Forklift safety

As per a blog article, 100000 personnel are injured / killed in forklift accidents in US, siting OSHA.

The article throws light into possible reasons for accidents and what is to be done.

Safety - luck(?) or duck(0)

Everyday we face many situations that are nearmisses let it be at home, on road or at work place. I think we are all lucky several times a day, most of the days. Whether it is our mistake or of others, we go to bed without pain. There are those few occasions when we get some hit or we hit somebody to call it an accident.

This luck so many times a days, for so many days makes us to think we are super heroes and nothing happens to us. GOD bless us. 

Let us use our common sense and be careful. Let us not look at the past to pat ourselves that we are right. We are wrong at most of the times.

Let us educate ourselves and others and do not depend on the luck to be safe. Else, we will be DUCK OUT one day.

Some thoughts on fall of safety standards - forgetfulness, over-confidence, complacency, arrogance

Anybody or any organization, immediately after an event not to like to happen will have several commitments to itself. I/we will do this or that, now on wards.
Even a student also makes such resolutions in or after an examination, which he did not do better.
But, in most of the cases, nothing will be done.
Some will start, but, the steam is lost.
Very few will sustain to a great extent. Even in such persons/organization will make exemptions, here and there.

This week, I attended a meet organized by a regulator. It was told in the opening remarks that regulators have to do the act of listening, observe the things and make informed decisions. This is applicable even to all those who are in the job of monitoring / advising and they need not be necessarily the designated regulators.

In case of individuals also, we are our own regulators and doers. As a proverb goes, we have one mouth, two ears and two eyes, indicating see and hear more, but talk less.

Coming back to the title, I observed that even in those entities who have developed highest standards, became role models and even are in the business of training, events have taken place for simple reasons which can be avoided / addressed totally before the occurrence of the event. Events in these places make me to think that whether they are wrong in the lessons learnt i.e. whether the lessons learnt for implementation are impracticable.

In many post accident recommendations, training and supervision aspects are listed routinely. Even if the training is good, absorption of the knowledge and its use in the day-to-day affairs is highly doubtful factor. Even those who understood the information too do not implement inspite of knowing that this may lead to incidents.

Like in financial sector, as I read somewhere, risk and returns are proportional. Low risk investments yield less returns and so high risk investments generate huge returns. I had my own experience in share market investment at two different periods and on both occasions, I had the opportunity (!) to learn the lessons to come out with some loss.

I think, it is in human behavior to take risk when it comes our activities, let it be on the roads or work place. And, it is the other way when it comes to our home.

I commute to my work place which is at 13 km from my house, by bike and these thoughts do occur generally, but I am yet to get any reason.

In nuclear field, ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) concept is preached and is genrally followed to limit radiation dose to occupational workers and public. Whereas in industrial safety, it is ALARP (as low as reasonably practicable) implying that we have to be practicable in taking measures to ensure safety and health of the persons. This also implies (to me) that certain value is attached to human lives for dispensation. If an accident takes place leading to injuries / fatalities, generally we read declaration of compensation. Though enquiry takes place, hardly there are cases where the wrong doers i.e. those responsible for the occurrence of accidents are punished. Every year, lakhs of persons are dying in accidents (on the roads / work place), equal or similar number of persons responsible for these are not punished and it shows that human life got only some number and things will proceed as usual as if nothing happened. Reasons for recurrence are generally as in title of this post. This makes the job of the safety advisers / regulators, a difficult task.

If some disturbance takes place in an inhabited place, police will be blamed for not doing the job. If some emissions take place in a factory, pollution control authorities will be blamed that they are sleeping or accepted something. If some accident takes place, safety adviser will be blamed internally and factory inspectors externally. And so on.
But, little or no action is taken to identify the wrong doers and punish them.

Authorities for control of activities have a difficult task of facing pressures from all around and at the same time, not to succumb to these pressures. They have to be like stones not having any emotions to keep their health and family not to get affected by workplace pressures. Some will resign the post to look for different type of jobs or bade good bye forever (if they are financially resourceful to lead the rest of the life).

Any management would like to have highest productivity at minimal cost. Availability of qualified human resources is an issue face by many. Most of the educational institutions have become factories to churn out the students with good grades / marks but many of them fail miserably in getting suitable employment commensurate with the certificate as they can't answer the questions of the interviewers. Hence, they settle for jobs whatever they can get. They may get satisfied or may not. This can lead to dissatisfaction and doing the job for the sake of earning money only. It requires lot of efforts from the side of managements too train such people and I am not sure how many organizations have the policy of training their manpower before engaging them and then even doubtful case of retraining at regular intervals or change of job / modifications in workplace.

With these things, may be there is some optimal safe production i.e. under present set of conditions, it can deliver X numbers of their products. If we try to stretch production on higher side without commensurate additions / improvements, accidents / failures do take place, if not immediately, but definitely at a later date. This is because, it requires some time, even for the established systems to degrade. Now, if there is a change of management, persons at top can claim for success even at higher production in the beginning (higher production is initially possible because degradation also needs some time), but the person coming later can't deliver the same, because degradation process starts accelerating.

Hence, those with safety in mind have to conclude / decide what is their optimum safe production capacity and stick to it. Else, what we are seeing or reading in papers will continue to happen.

At least 8 students, 1 teacher injured in chemical fire at Hendersonville school

At least 8 students, 1 teacher injured in chemical fire at Hendersonville school: An official with the Hendersonville Fire Department said 17 students and one teacher were either triaged at the scene or transported to local hospitals.

During an experiment in lab by students to see change of flame colours of different salts, the incident happened. The incident appears to have happened to demonstrate rainbow flame by adding different salts to ignited ethyl alcohol. A flash fire occurred lasting 3-5 seconds.

In laboratories, will be working with known/unknown materials. The awareness on lab safety particularly in schools/colleges is generally low compared to industrial safety. Knowledge on properties of chemicals, methods to avoid hazards, control and mitigation measures, use of personal protective equipment, etc will help in avoid consequences from the work. Making safety principles as a topic in every subject let it be science / engineering / arts can help improving awareness.


https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/education/wp/2018/05/09/a-classroom-science-experiment-turned-into-a-chemical-fire-injuring-17/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.f3e0c55beb7f


http://www.wsmv.com/story/38149598/principal-8-students-1-teacher-injured-in-fire-at-hendersonville-school

https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/education/high-school-chemistry-lab-fire-prompts-warnings-for-science-teachers/2015/11/05/eb78543e-8312-11e5-9afb-0c971f713d0c_story.html?utm_term=.4025ee47ffa1

http://www.wkrn.com/top-news/chemistry-safety-experts-warn-schools-to-stop-unsafe-science-demonstrations/1172474948

Intense heat, poor construction led to collapse?

Intense heat, poor construction led to collapse?:  A senior structural engineer and professor at JNTU, Hyderabad who was part of a number of committees related to fire accidents said on the incident, “Beyond a certain temperature, the steel melts, causing collapse of slab,...".

Similar reason was found during collapse of twin towers of US WTC, long ago.

LINK

Demand for punishment to the guilty in metro construction accident

Government official desires jail term for persons responsible for the accidents.

See the link here.

http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/Metro-accident-guilty-to-be-jailed/articleshow/51886157.cms

Deadly accident sounds alarm for safety in Chinese labs | Chemistry World

Deadly accident sounds alarm for safety in Chinese labs | Chemistry World

LINK

Building collapse in Delhi - narrow passage hinders rescue operations

As per Times of India report, a building collapsed in Delhi, where three women died and 10 were injured.

Fire department found it difficult to approach the area due to narrow passage.

National building code and local municipal authorities specify to provide offsets on either side of the road and also in front of the buildings. But, very few comply with the requirements. People question the authorities for such requirements. Further, encroachments, unauthorised activities in the name of temporary works, parking of vehicles on road sides instead of parking inside the buildings compound the issue making it difficult for rescue teams.

Collapse of buildings also lead to fall of walls/debris on road side and for this reason, if the offsets are adhered, atleast roads will be still available. But, many buildings are constructed upto the road particularly in inner lanes and the ramp of the house generally extends on to the road. Then, vehicles parked in front of their houses as above is another issue. 

I strongly feel that the authorities should confiscate such properties and government/courts should not entertain any appeal unless requirements for space are met.

Bus accident

During bus driving, a driver wants to spit by bending outside his side window. With his unsafe behavior, he loses control over the bus and rammed a lorry coming opposite. In this accident, 4 persons died and few passengers received injuries. Generally, vehicle drivers keep chewing betal leaf or pan masala, particularly during night driving.

Driver should have observed before spitting outside. Some drivers keep a bottle/tin with them to spit instead of doing the same outside.

Worker killed in accident at BHEL - The Hindu

Worker killed in accident at BHEL - The Hindu



Incident occurred while lifting a heavy object and failure of wire rope. An apprentice died and another worker suffered injury.

3 persons die of asphyxiation

As per reports, 3 persons died after nitrogen gas leak at a reactor construction site. Government closed two more sites under construction following this incident.

I feel that this reaction is not warranted, in this case. Persons overcome by inert gases is well known. Closure of the site where deaths took place is reasonable to isolate as well as enable investigation.

One need not be afraid that all accidents at a nuclear site involve nuclear material. If one thinks that all nuclear sites where nitrogen is used should be closed, then all industrial facilities (nuclear and others) handling nitrogen should be closed, which is not sensible.


http://rt.com/news/217967-korea-nuclear-deadly-leak/

Safety - who is responsible - Failures attributed to regulators

When there is a robbery, police are blamed.
When there is violence, police are blamed.
When there is train accident, railways are blamed.
When a bank shuts the shop, government and police are blamed.
When some company that offers quick returns and later closes, again as above.
When there is an aeroplane accident, airlines and regulators are blamed.
When there is pollution, factory and pollution control board are blamed.
When there is an accident, factory and factories department are blamed.

Like this, blame game goes on.

In many of the above events, I do not understand what police or regulators can do. With such meager manpower, no regulator can stop a situation.

If we are not careful about ourselves, our property, what a police can do? He will make rounds, but he can't present everywhere, every time. Similarly, if someone starts violence, the local if do not catch him, why to blame others.

No doubt, police are there to prevent and control situations, but it is not possible for them with limited man power to ensure 100% peace without cooperation from people.

Similarly, we invest money out of greediness for unrealistic returns and later cry on others.
If there is pollution, people should complain to police and regulators about the problem. Also, they can form groups and pressurize the factory management to correct or close.

It is the responsibility of the management to ensure that safe working conditions and environment for workers and public are ensured. If something goes wrong, there should be fast track courts to settle the cases within a day for quick redressal of the issues. These courts, depending upon the nature and extent of violation, can order the company to pay or close the shop. There is no need to give time for correction as it is their basic duty for safety and environment.

Managements compromise on many issues for profit. Many promise and agree to comply with all legislations, only to violate later on several rules and regulations. Such companies need not be shown any mercy, for lack of knowledge or unintentional violations, as it is their responsibility to know everything, before starting operations.

Safety education - a subject to be made compulsory at all levels in schools and colleges

Even after so many years of industrialization, with all available knowledge, still, accidents are taking place. This only shows that managements pay only lip service for safety in their organizations. 

It appears managements think that having a safety department means that it is the responsibility of safety department to ensure safety and that other departments like production, maintenance, quality, etc need to be told what is to be done for ensuring safety of all. 

This also means that safety is not part of all activities and it is seen as an additional activity like an extra organ in a body, which nobody likes. 

Though people like to remove the extra organ, if it is not possible to remove for any reason, then people bear with it, cursing it or their fate. It appears, safety department is also in a similar situation. One can not avoid it because it is mandatory to have certain number of safety officials as per the local government's legislation. At the same, like the extra organ people don't like it. 

The fact that there is lot of friction between safety and other departments in the organizations shows that there is no safety culture. And culture is defined by experts as the activity which one does even when nobody else is watching. Good culture leads to safe work behaviors and no accidents.

This is all because, it appears to me that safety is not taught from the childhood. If it is included as a subject like language / maths / science / etc, then it is imbibed in the minds and is treated with all respect it deserved. Safety management should not be thought as the work of safety department. It should be an integral part of all activities.