Three persons lost their lives inside a boiler while attending maintenance. For entry into confined spaces (a space which is not a regular work place), the area needs monitoring before entry for ensuring safe work atmosphere. The oxygen levels and presence of other pollutants will be checked, the area will be flushed with air before and during work to ensure that the work area is as good as working in open atmosphere anywhere.
http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2018/jul/12/bengaluru-toxic-gas-snuffs-out-three-lives-inside-boiler-at-anthem-biosciences-factory-1842047.html
Showing posts with label confined space. Show all posts
Showing posts with label confined space. Show all posts
Jul 19, 2018
Jan 31, 2017
Persons die during tank sludge cleaning
As per reports, totally, nine persons died and another is injured in a work involving cleaning of sludge from an oil tank. Initially, four persons who entered for the work did not respond for few hours and three more entered to know about them.
Due to inhalation of toxic gases, persons died, as per reports.
Normally, when such works are to be carried out in confined spaces like oil tankers, closed vessels, equipment, etc, oxygen levels are to be measured and action to be taken to exhaust poisonous gases and admit air to keep oxygen levels as in the open atmosphere. Continuous exhaust is to be maintained. Where, it is not possible, they have to enter with compressed air cylinders on their back, connected to the face piece respirator. Further, there should be buddy system, i.e. for every one worker inside, there should be an equally capable person outside with safety belt extended rope in the hands of person outside; and to engage in constant communication, so that in case of any emergency, immediate rescue operations can be made.
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/maharashtra-seven-workers-die-inhaling-poisonous-gas-in-latur-district-4499670/
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/aurangabad/7-workers-die-of-suffocation-in-latur-oil-mills-chemical-tank/articleshow/56881624.cms
Due to inhalation of toxic gases, persons died, as per reports.
Normally, when such works are to be carried out in confined spaces like oil tankers, closed vessels, equipment, etc, oxygen levels are to be measured and action to be taken to exhaust poisonous gases and admit air to keep oxygen levels as in the open atmosphere. Continuous exhaust is to be maintained. Where, it is not possible, they have to enter with compressed air cylinders on their back, connected to the face piece respirator. Further, there should be buddy system, i.e. for every one worker inside, there should be an equally capable person outside with safety belt extended rope in the hands of person outside; and to engage in constant communication, so that in case of any emergency, immediate rescue operations can be made.
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/maharashtra-seven-workers-die-inhaling-poisonous-gas-in-latur-district-4499670/
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/aurangabad/7-workers-die-of-suffocation-in-latur-oil-mills-chemical-tank/articleshow/56881624.cms
Aug 21, 2016
LPG explosion during welding inside a pipeline
While doing welding inside a pipeline below the ground level, with LPG gas cylinder outside at ground level, there was an explosion inside the pipeline. Unable to escape, four persons inside suffered burns. One person received 87% burns.
The reasons for gas leakage into the pipeline are not known. Poor quality of hoses, not following confined work procedures (like checking the flammable atmosphere, oxygen levels, having arrangement for emergency escape, buddy system), etc can be possible reasons.
The report can be read from the link below.
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/Four-welders-suffer-burn-injuries/articleshow/53757037.cms
Aug 17, 2013
Fire while working on a gas line
A fire erupted when persons were working in a hole (pit) on gas line. A person with minor burns on face and hands went to hospital. The flames caused damaged to electric lines above.
It is reported that the crew searched for nearby shutoff valve to stop the fire. It appears that the crew did not do their job hazard analysis properly. Whether any safety permit is taken also is not clear.
This work, ie. working on a gas line that too in a pit is nothing but a confined space work and also working on line filled with gas.
One should have stopped gas flow and evacuated the line with inert gas before start of work. For safety, slip plate also should be inserted on either ends of the gas line to avoid passing or accidental flow. Emergency plan also should be in place which prepares the persons involved what to do in real emergency situation.
Searching for shutoff valve only indicates poor planning.
http://www1.whdh.com/news/articles/local/north/10011420876346/gas-main-break-leads-to-manhole-fire-in-bedford/
It is reported that the crew searched for nearby shutoff valve to stop the fire. It appears that the crew did not do their job hazard analysis properly. Whether any safety permit is taken also is not clear.
This work, ie. working on a gas line that too in a pit is nothing but a confined space work and also working on line filled with gas.
One should have stopped gas flow and evacuated the line with inert gas before start of work. For safety, slip plate also should be inserted on either ends of the gas line to avoid passing or accidental flow. Emergency plan also should be in place which prepares the persons involved what to do in real emergency situation.
Searching for shutoff valve only indicates poor planning.
http://www1.whdh.com/news/articles/local/north/10011420876346/gas-main-break-leads-to-manhole-fire-in-bedford/
Aug 28, 2012
SafetySmart Compliance » Blog Archive The James Beals Tragedy: The Price of Neglecting Confined Spaces Safety
SafetySmart Compliance » Blog Archive The James Beals Tragedy: The Price of Neglecting Confined Spaces Safety
The above link is about confined space tragedy in which a person died due to asphyxiation. Oxygen levels should be measured at the actual place of work before entry and every time before entry so that safe work atmosphere can be checked and ensured. Confined space hazard evaluation should be carried out however short the work is and do not believe by words but verify safe work atmosphere with measurements before entering the confined space.
The above link is about confined space tragedy in which a person died due to asphyxiation. Oxygen levels should be measured at the actual place of work before entry and every time before entry so that safe work atmosphere can be checked and ensured. Confined space hazard evaluation should be carried out however short the work is and do not believe by words but verify safe work atmosphere with measurements before entering the confined space.
Mar 19, 2012
Confined Space Entry ,BP Guidelines
Confined space jobs are very dangerous as one has to work in unknown atmospheres. Here is a link to BP Guidelines on confined space entry, found at Petroleum Community forum.
Confined Space Entry ,BP Guidelines
LINK
Confined Space Entry ,BP Guidelines
LINK
Oct 21, 2011
Four Dead From Toxic Gas Incident at Shipyard | Maritime News | Maritime Executive Magazine
Deaths due to insufficient oxygen - a case of confined space death. Victims were inside the scrapped ship as per the report below.
Four Dead From Toxic Gas Incident at Shipyard | Maritime News | Maritime Executive MagazineLINK
Nov 2, 2010
Dangers of confined spaces - Oxygen levels below 19.5%
I read an excellent article on wrong notions of safe oxygen level of 19.5%. One should find why oxygen levels are below 21% and only after getting satisfactory answer, should venture into confined space with proper PPE. I feel that, once oxygen levels are below 21%, one should go inside only with airline respirator / self contained breathing apparatus as suitable it is. We should remember that catridge/canister type respirators are useful only upto 2% of contaminant concentrations and above this, one should use fresh air supply system.
Jun 26, 2010
Whether oxygen levels at 19.5% are safe for work in confined space?
Many people consider that the oxygen levels at or above 19.5% are safe to work in a confined space. However, I read somewhere that before assuming oxygen level of 19.5% is safe, one should find out why the levels are below that in atmosphere. If the balance 1.5% is of some toxic chemical, it might be fatal also. CO is fatal at 5000 ppm (0.5%). Similarly ammonia. However, if the chemical present has some odour, we can immediately detect and come out.
Otherwise, measuring oxygen levels alone is not sufficient and we have to analyse for presence of other chemicals and purge the confined space with fresh air till oxygen levels are near 21%, say 20.8-20.9%. And fresh air supply should not be stopped during the work. Each and every time when work is stopped for rest or tea break or lunch or end of the day, before resuming the work the levels are to be checked at the place of the work.
I came to know of an accident in which three workers were involved in cleaning the oily floor at a basement were overcome by the toxic vapours present when they resumed work after a tea break. First two persons one after another entered inside the basement and became unconscious. The third one too was overcome but before that he shouted for help and other coworkers present at 0.0 m level immediately rescued them and were alright after a day's treatment.
The unfortunate observation during the rescue opertions was workers lack of knowledge about the switch of fresh air supply blower for the basement. Even the shopfloor supervisor does not know about its location. Awareness about location of emergency systems is the most important aspect and a sketch showing the same should be displayed at important locations in the shopfloor and mock drills should be conducted before start of work in a confined space, every time.
Otherwise, measuring oxygen levels alone is not sufficient and we have to analyse for presence of other chemicals and purge the confined space with fresh air till oxygen levels are near 21%, say 20.8-20.9%. And fresh air supply should not be stopped during the work. Each and every time when work is stopped for rest or tea break or lunch or end of the day, before resuming the work the levels are to be checked at the place of the work.
I came to know of an accident in which three workers were involved in cleaning the oily floor at a basement were overcome by the toxic vapours present when they resumed work after a tea break. First two persons one after another entered inside the basement and became unconscious. The third one too was overcome but before that he shouted for help and other coworkers present at 0.0 m level immediately rescued them and were alright after a day's treatment.
The unfortunate observation during the rescue opertions was workers lack of knowledge about the switch of fresh air supply blower for the basement. Even the shopfloor supervisor does not know about its location. Awareness about location of emergency systems is the most important aspect and a sketch showing the same should be displayed at important locations in the shopfloor and mock drills should be conducted before start of work in a confined space, every time.
Aug 10, 2009
Deaths in confined spaces
Offlate, I started reading persons overcome by the atmosphere while working inside the septic tanks, underground water storage reservoirs / tanks, chemical storage tanks, etc. In some cases, persons while working in trenches, were buried alive by the soil heaps next to the trench. In one case a person was working only about at a meter depth, but he was buried when the soil was disturbed.
Some of the deaths were like this;
1. A Person want to see what is inside a tank from the top, to plan for the work. While looking down, he lost consciousness, fell down and died. Sometimes, to rescue the unconscious persons, others who tried for him also became victims.
2. A person went inside a rice brawn mill discharge storage tank. After some time, he became unconscious and was found dead.
3. A person went inside a water storage tank in the underground for cleaning and was found dead.
4. A person went inside a concrete mixing plant for cleaning. Not knowing this, soon after, the operator operated and the person inside died. Though in this case, it is not the hazardous atmosphere, but it is a confined space and a different type of hazard (Maintenance person's presence inside is not known to the operator).
5. Two persons were working in a trench and were buried alive by the loose soil heap that slid due to some disturbance.
There are many more such cases, mostly involving cleaning jobs inside waste storage tanks of rice brawn mills or septic tanks.
Earlier, while reading such news items, I used to think that my work place is safe and that I need not bother about confined space works. However, as I learn more and more deaths of people like above, whenever I get a work permit for work in a basement or tank, though it is fairly open to atmosphere, I get wild thoughts and sometimes I think whether I am thinking too much in visualizing the hazards. However, I stick to my wild thoughts and accordingly prepare precautions to be taken for the work.
Normally, the oxygen level in the work place will be checked before entry into such places. People say that it is fine if oxygen levels are between 19.5 % and 23.0%.
But in an article, the author advised to verify and find out the reasons for change in oxygen level from the normal levels. Though the general guideline says above 19.5% O2 levels are acceptable, but what are the other pollutant that brought down the O2 level from 21% to 19.5%? For example, if the pollutant is say CO, then we all know that CO is fatal at 0.5% (5,000 ppm) and it is not acceptable. Similarly, it may by H2S which is also a toxic gas.
Sometimes, our instrument may be wrong. In that case we can't depend on the values measured by it, because we do not know the error %. Sometimes, persons check O2 level at the entrance and then give clearance for the work. But, we should check O2 levels at the actual place of work and the measurement time should be reasonable. Instantaneous values may give us wrong picture. Again for checking O2 levels at work place, we should not enter and endanger our lives. Portable hand held instruments with suction pumps and connected hoses (even upto 100 ft) are availalbe at about Rs 30,000/- in the market.
We have to flush the work area continuously till we get O2 levels are as good as open atmposhere and should continue air supply till the work is over and all persons come out. If the work is to be carried for a long time with tea / lunch breaks, then the flushing and air supply should be continued during the breaks and before every entry, the O2 levels should be checked and ascertained that the work atmosphere is safe for work.
Sometimes, there may not be much head room available for free movement of the persons inside. In case of work inside chimneys or furnaces, the lining material may be loose and it may fall on the persons. There may be toxic gases (generated by the process) that are trapped in these lining material and if persons are working on these, they will be exposed to these toxic gases and may be overcome.
When persons work in open trenches, we know that the adjacent heaps of soil can be disturbed by heavy winds or from vibrations due to vehicular movement nearby. It is normally suggested to dispose the soil immediately to an earmarked place. Atleast, the soil should be kept atleast 1.5 m away from the trench and angle of repose should be considered for the soil. Again, as we go deep in the trenches, they should be supported on the sides to avoid collapse due to loads on the adjectent area by proper shoring. If long trenches are made, then for every 30 m, emergency escape ladders should be provided. Care should be taken that these trenches are not flooded by water / sewage lines and workers in it are taken by surprise. Earth moving equipment should be properly supported by outer rigs with proper base supports so that they do not topple due to loose soil and in the process endanger persons nearby.
With the availability of radio sets, workers inside should be in constant touch by the supervisor outside and buddy system should be followed on one-to-one basis i.e for every one person inside, there should be another person outside to monitor the condition and to provide immediate help. People may think it is waste of money, but in the event of some eventuality, the compensation claims and payments will put a big hole in the finances of the executors of the work and then they will regret for not taking protective measures.
However, the story repeats in the next job. BECAUSE, OUR MEMORY IS SHORT AND WE THINK THAT THOSE INCIDENTS ARE OF ONCE IN LIFE TIME AND THEY WILL BE CAREFUL THIS TIME.
Such persons should be put behind bars, with all their propery seized and utilized for helping the families of the victims.
Some of the deaths were like this;
1. A Person want to see what is inside a tank from the top, to plan for the work. While looking down, he lost consciousness, fell down and died. Sometimes, to rescue the unconscious persons, others who tried for him also became victims.
2. A person went inside a rice brawn mill discharge storage tank. After some time, he became unconscious and was found dead.
3. A person went inside a water storage tank in the underground for cleaning and was found dead.
4. A person went inside a concrete mixing plant for cleaning. Not knowing this, soon after, the operator operated and the person inside died. Though in this case, it is not the hazardous atmosphere, but it is a confined space and a different type of hazard (Maintenance person's presence inside is not known to the operator).
5. Two persons were working in a trench and were buried alive by the loose soil heap that slid due to some disturbance.
There are many more such cases, mostly involving cleaning jobs inside waste storage tanks of rice brawn mills or septic tanks.
Earlier, while reading such news items, I used to think that my work place is safe and that I need not bother about confined space works. However, as I learn more and more deaths of people like above, whenever I get a work permit for work in a basement or tank, though it is fairly open to atmosphere, I get wild thoughts and sometimes I think whether I am thinking too much in visualizing the hazards. However, I stick to my wild thoughts and accordingly prepare precautions to be taken for the work.
Normally, the oxygen level in the work place will be checked before entry into such places. People say that it is fine if oxygen levels are between 19.5 % and 23.0%.
But in an article, the author advised to verify and find out the reasons for change in oxygen level from the normal levels. Though the general guideline says above 19.5% O2 levels are acceptable, but what are the other pollutant that brought down the O2 level from 21% to 19.5%? For example, if the pollutant is say CO, then we all know that CO is fatal at 0.5% (5,000 ppm) and it is not acceptable. Similarly, it may by H2S which is also a toxic gas.
Sometimes, our instrument may be wrong. In that case we can't depend on the values measured by it, because we do not know the error %. Sometimes, persons check O2 level at the entrance and then give clearance for the work. But, we should check O2 levels at the actual place of work and the measurement time should be reasonable. Instantaneous values may give us wrong picture. Again for checking O2 levels at work place, we should not enter and endanger our lives. Portable hand held instruments with suction pumps and connected hoses (even upto 100 ft) are availalbe at about Rs 30,000/- in the market.
We have to flush the work area continuously till we get O2 levels are as good as open atmposhere and should continue air supply till the work is over and all persons come out. If the work is to be carried for a long time with tea / lunch breaks, then the flushing and air supply should be continued during the breaks and before every entry, the O2 levels should be checked and ascertained that the work atmosphere is safe for work.
Sometimes, there may not be much head room available for free movement of the persons inside. In case of work inside chimneys or furnaces, the lining material may be loose and it may fall on the persons. There may be toxic gases (generated by the process) that are trapped in these lining material and if persons are working on these, they will be exposed to these toxic gases and may be overcome.
When persons work in open trenches, we know that the adjacent heaps of soil can be disturbed by heavy winds or from vibrations due to vehicular movement nearby. It is normally suggested to dispose the soil immediately to an earmarked place. Atleast, the soil should be kept atleast 1.5 m away from the trench and angle of repose should be considered for the soil. Again, as we go deep in the trenches, they should be supported on the sides to avoid collapse due to loads on the adjectent area by proper shoring. If long trenches are made, then for every 30 m, emergency escape ladders should be provided. Care should be taken that these trenches are not flooded by water / sewage lines and workers in it are taken by surprise. Earth moving equipment should be properly supported by outer rigs with proper base supports so that they do not topple due to loose soil and in the process endanger persons nearby.
With the availability of radio sets, workers inside should be in constant touch by the supervisor outside and buddy system should be followed on one-to-one basis i.e for every one person inside, there should be another person outside to monitor the condition and to provide immediate help. People may think it is waste of money, but in the event of some eventuality, the compensation claims and payments will put a big hole in the finances of the executors of the work and then they will regret for not taking protective measures.
However, the story repeats in the next job. BECAUSE, OUR MEMORY IS SHORT AND WE THINK THAT THOSE INCIDENTS ARE OF ONCE IN LIFE TIME AND THEY WILL BE CAREFUL THIS TIME.
Such persons should be put behind bars, with all their propery seized and utilized for helping the families of the victims.
Apr 2, 2008
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