Be a Roman in Rome, is a proverb i.e we should behave the way others do. Similarly, the attitude of the employees for safety reflects its culture, the thinking and will power of the top management and efforts put into it. If accidents are viewed as part of the work and that the injured can be compensated, then the accidents will continue to occur, because it is cheaper to pay for an accident rather than investing in safety systems. It appears costly to change the designs, incorporate safety features, provide training, provide PPE, etc. This is the reason why in many sites, accidents recur. However, if there is strict enforcement of regulations of the land, then there will be a sea change in the attutude of the management towards safety. Now, they think it is cheaper and rewarding to invest in safety rather than pay penalty and worse, go to jail.
Such a change is possible. Suppose, we go to a new place where the language spoken is different. Then, we try to learn or atleast try to find ways to communicate. The need forces us to find ways to communicate and get what we want. Necessity / need forces a person to chage.
Similarly, if regulations are enforced, then factory mangements though feel like fish out of water for sometime, soon they will understand and follow the safety principles prescribed under rules and regulations. Can we term this as cultural change. I think this is a cultural change. And it happens because someone somewhere is monitoring with a whip in his hand, ready to punish the erring managements.